THE FDC’S GUIDING STATEMENTS

The FDC was founded to support the breeding and raising of purebred, outcrossed, and mixed-breed dogs while prioritizing their “functionality”, health, and wellbeing, through research, education, and community. 

Guiding statements

The FDC was founded to support the breeding and raising of purebred, outcrossed, and mixed-breed dogs while prioritizing the goals below. These goals will sometimes be in conflict with a strict breed standard or closed studbook. In that case, these functional goals are considered more important, and a breeding program that meets them may be said to be meeting the FDC’s definition of breeding “functional” dogs:

Physical Health

Compared to dogs overall, the FDC supports the breeding of dogs with:

  • Equal or increased physical comfort (able to breathe, move freely and without pain)
  • Equal or increased ability to reproduce naturally
  • Equal or reduced rate of genetic disease
  • Equal or reduced rate of morphology-related disease (e.g. disease directly or indirectly caused by the dog’s form such as physical shape/structure, coat, etc)
  • Equal or increased healthspan (including physical comfort)
  • Equal or increased lifespan

Behavioral Health

While it is impossible to guarantee behavioral health in individual dogs, breeders should select dogs for breeding with the following in mind:

  • Minimal fear of novel (unknown) humans
  • Minimal fear of novel (unknown) dogs
  • Maximal ability to cope with reasonable new environments (e.g., a new farm for a farm dog, or a new city for a city dog)
  • Minimal behavioral pathologies (meaning behavioral conditions such as separation anxiety, compulsive disorder, etc.)
  • Minimal unchanneled aggression (note aggression as part of an ethical sport or job is acceptable so long as it does not extend out of that context into the rest of the dog’s life)

Canine Welfare

FDC supports the management of dogs and puppies according, minimally, to the Five Freedoms of animal welfare. All dogs and puppies should receive appropriate enrichment and have meaningful relationships with humans (i.e., not live solely in kennels with moderate or less human contact). Additionally, puppies should be raised in environments with some similarity to what they will be expected to be in as adults (e.g., companion dogs raised primarily in homes, not kennels); provided appropriate socialization; and placed thoughtfully in homes appropriate to expectations of their adult needs.

FDC recognizes that while breeders have specific plans for each litter (show prospects; sport prospects; outcross breeding prospects; companion animals), not every dog in a litter will be a good match for that breeder’s goals. Nevertheless, breeders must have a placement plan in the best interest of the puppy, for those animals who have different needs from the rest or who do not otherwise meet the goals for the litter. If a litter is likely to have one or more puppies in it which would be difficult or unethical to place, that litter should not be produced.

Resolving conflicts with the FDC’s goals

In some cases, the FDC’s goals will conflict with realities of breed standards and genetic diversity, as well as with preferences for morphology (form, i.e., head shape, body shape, coat type). In these cases:

  • The FDC will provide resources for breeding for function (temperament and health) rather than morphology. These resources will include an honest look at conflicts between some morphologies and health.
  • Some breeds have a level of genetic diversity low enough that breeding healthy, behaviorally sound dogs within the breed is challenging. FDC resources will also include an honest look at the challenges of reduced genetic diversity, and strategies for addressing them.
  • Those who breed for morphologies that may conflict with health, or those who breed within closed studbooks in breeds with reduced genetic diversity, are encouraged to participate in the FDC and learn from its resources, with the recognition that their goals may differ from the FDC’s.

Selection of Resources

When selecting resources related to the physical or behavioral health of dogs, decisions will be made based on evidence. Personal experience is welcome but needs supporting evidence (as described below) to be considered. Breeders wanting to introduce evidence from their own lines may contact the FDC if they wish to share the evidence anonymously.

The following priority will be used when considering resources/content:

1. Peer-reviewed articles

Describing:

    1. Randomized, controlled trials
    2. Prospective cohort studies
    3. Retrospective studies
    4. Case series and case studies

2. Personal Experience

Requires the following evidence:

    1. Must be presented about a specific breeding program, by someone involved directly in that breeding program.
    2. Should include veterinary exams or tests (where appropriate) of a significant portion of the breeding lines and offspring (not only select individuals).